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Template:Infobox xenon

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Xenon, 54Xe
Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image-alt
Xenon
PronunciationTemplate:Infobox element/pronunciation/format
Appearancecolorless gas, exhibiting a blue glow when placed in an electric field
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Xe)
Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight format
Xenon in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Kr
↑
Xe
↓
Rn
iodine ← xenon → caesium
Atomic number (Z)54
Groupgroup 18 (noble gases)
Periodperiod 5
Block  p-block
Electron configuration[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 18, 8
Physical properties
Phase at STPgas
Melting point161.40 K ​(−111.75 °C, ​−169.15 °F)
Boiling point165.051 K ​(−108.099 °C, ​−162.578 °F)
Density
when solid (at t.p.)

3.408 g/cm3[2]
(at STP)5.894 g/L
when liquid (at b.p.)2.942 g/cm3[3]
Triple point161.405 K, ​81.77 kPa[4]
Critical point289.733 K, 5.842 MPa[4]
Heat of fusion2.27 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization12.64 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity21.01 J/(mol·K)[5]
Specific heat capacity160.027 J/(kg·K)[5]
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 83 92 103 117 137 165
Atomic properties
Oxidation statescommon: +2, +4, +6
0,[6] +8[7]
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.60
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 1170.4 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 2046.4 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3099.4 kJ/mol
Covalent radius140±9 pm
Van der Waals radius216 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of xenon
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​face-centered cubic (fcc) (cF4)
Lattice constanta = 634.84 pm (at triple point, 161.405 K)[2]
Thermal conductivity5.65×10−3 W/(m⋅K)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[8]
Molar magnetic susceptibility−43.9×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[9]
Speed of soundgas: 178 m·s−1
liquid: 1090 m/s
CAS Number7440-63-3
History
Namingfrom the Greek ξένος, meaning 'foreign(er)', 'strange(r)', or 'guest'
Discovery and first isolationWilliam Ramsay and Morris Travers (1898)
Isotopes of xenon
Main isotopes[10] Decay
Isotope abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
124Xe 0.095% 1.1×1022 y[11] εε 124Te
125Xe synth 16.87 h β+ 125I
126Xe 0.089% stable
127Xe synth 36.342 d ε 127I
128Xe 1.91% stable
129Xe 26.4% stable
130Xe 4.07% stable
131Xe 21.2% stable
132Xe 26.9% stable
133Xe synth 5.2474 d β− 133Cs
134Xe 10.4% stable
135Xe synth 9.14 h β− 135Cs
136Xe 8.86% 2.18×1021 y β−β− 136Ba
File:Symbol category class.svg Category: Xenon
| references

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References

  1. ↑ Template:Cite OED2
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Arblaster JW (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
  3. ↑ "Xenon". Gas Encyclopedia. Air Liquide. 2009.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Template:RubberBible92nd
  5. ↑ Hwang SC, Weltmer WR (2000). "Helium Group Gases". Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Wiley. pp. 343–383. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0701190508230114.a01. ISBN 978-0-471-23896-6.
  6. ↑ Xe(0) has been observed in tetraxenonogold(II) (AuXe42+).
  7. ↑ Harding, Charlie; Johnson, David Arthur; Janes, Rob (2002). Elements of the p block. Great Britain: Royal Society of Chemistry. pp. 93–94. ISBN 0-85404-690-9.
  8. ↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Template:RubberBible86th
  9. ↑ Weast R (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 978-0-8493-0464-4.
  10. ↑ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3) 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
  11. ↑ Aprile, E.; Abe, K.; Agostini, F.; et al. (26 August 2022). "Double-weak decays of Xe 124 and Xe 136 in the XENON1T and XENONnT experiments". Physical Review C. 106 (2). doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.106.024328.