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Template:Infobox argon

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Argon, 18Ar
Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image-alt
Argon
PronunciationTemplate:Infobox element/pronunciation/format
Appearancecolorless gas exhibiting a lilac/violet glow when placed in an electric field
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ar)
Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight format
Argon in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Ne
↑
Ar
↓
Kr
chlorine ← argon → potassium
Atomic number (Z)18
Groupgroup 18 (noble gases)
Periodperiod 3
Block  p-block
Electron configuration[Ne] 3s2 3p6
Electrons per shell2, 8, 8
Physical properties
Phase at STPgas
Melting point83.81 K ​(−189.34 °C, ​−308.81 °F)
Boiling point87.302 K ​(−185.848 °C, ​−302.526 °F)
Density (at STP)1.784 g/L
when liquid (at b.p.)1.3954 g/cm3
Triple point83.8058 K, ​68.89 kPa[1]
Critical point150.687 K, 4.863 MPa[1]
Heat of fusion1.18 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization6.53 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity20.85 J/(mol·K) [2]
Specific heat capacity521.902 J/(kg·K) [2]
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K)   47 53 61 71 87
Atomic properties
Oxidation statescommon: (none)
0[3]
ElectronegativityPauling scale: no data
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 1520.6 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 2665.8 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3931 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 31 pm
Covalent radius106±10 pm
Van der Waals radius188 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of argon
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​face-centered cubic (fcc) (cF4)
Lattice constanta = 546.91 pm (at triple point)[4]
Thermal conductivity17.72×10−3  W/(m⋅K)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[5]
Molar magnetic susceptibility−19.6×10−6 cm3/mol[6]
Speed of sound323 m/s (gas, at 27 °C)
CAS Number7440-37-1
History
Namingfrom the Greek ἀργόν, meaning 'lazy' or 'inactive', in reference to its inertness
Discovery and first isolationLord Rayleigh and William Ramsay (1894)
Isotopes of argon
Main isotopes[7] Decay
Isotope abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
36Ar 0.334% stable
37Ar trace 35.01 d ε 37Cl
38Ar 0.0630% stable
39Ar trace 302 y β− 39K
40Ar 99.6% stable
41Ar trace 109.61 min β− 41K
42Ar synth 32.9 y β− 42K
File:Symbol category class.svg Category: Argon
| references

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References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Template:RubberBible92nd
  2. ↑ Shuen-Chen Hwang, Robert D. Lein, Daniel A. Morgan (2005). "Noble Gases". Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Wiley. pp. 343–383. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0701190508230114.a01.
  3. ↑ Ar(0) has been observed in argon fluorohydride (HArF) and ArCF22+, see Lockyear, J.F.; Douglas, K.; Price, S.D.; Karwowska, M.; et al. (2010). "Generation of the ArCF22+ Dication". Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 1: 358. doi:10.1021/jz900274p.
  4. ↑ Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
  5. ↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Template:RubberBible86th
  6. ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
  7. ↑ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3) 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

Two of these are named references. They may be cited in the containing article as

  • <ref name="CIAAW2016" /> for the source Atomic weights of the elements 2016 (from subtemplates used by {{Infobox element}})
  • <ref name="b92" /> for the source edited by Haynes